TYPES AND RISK FACTORS

TYPES OF UTERINE FIBROIDS :

The fibroids are mostly located in the body of the uterus.

Intramural or Interstitial: Intramural – 75% myomas (tumor) arise within the myometrial wall called – intramoral or interasitital. 

Initially in intramural later pushed outwards or onwards.

Subserous or Subperitoneal : 10% of if the tumor grows out wards the peritoneal surface called sub serous. Pushed outwards towards the peritoneal cavity. The fibroids are either partially or completely covered by peritoneum. When completely covered by peritoneum, it usually attains a pedicle called pedunculated subserous fibroid.

Submucous: 15% covered only by the endromentrium. It is not only uterus but also arise from the round ligament, the uterovarian and uterosecral liganment, fallopian tubes, ovary and other genital organs as cervix, vagina, vulva etc., when instramural fibroid pushed towards the uterine cavity and is lying underneath the endomentrium, it is called submucous fibroid; makes the uterine cravity irregular and distorted. Pedunculated submucous fibroid may come out through the cervix. It is may be infected or ulcerated to cause metrorrhagia.

TYPES OF FIBROIDS

RISK FACTORS OF UTERINE FIBROIDS :

No risk factors have been found for the uterine fibroids other than being a female of of reproductive age. Women who have had two live born children children have on-half the risk of having uterine fibroids compared to women who have had no live born children.

RISK FACTORS OF PCOD:

 Diet is main risk factor, since it involves fat, carbohydrate but also the other triggers for proliferate cell pathology. Generally avoid Meat, Chicken, Butter, Cream, Egg, Cheese, Coconut, Chocolate, Ice cream and Cake. Eliminate sweets and starchy foods. Add leafy vegetables and fruits to increase fiber content. Plan your excercises according to your physical ability. Keep always active and avoid all sedentary habits. fasting twice a week helps in reducing weight. Hormone preparations for introduction or regularization of menses are also not advisable since they have affinity.

    

CLINICAL FEATURES OF PCOD :

1. Obesity
2. Menstrual abnormalities - Oligomenorrhoea
3. Infertility
4. Hirsuitism
5. Virilism is rare 

The patient may not be always obese. Acanthosis Nigricans is characterized by specific skin changes due to insulin resistance.

The skin is thickened and pigmented commonly affected sites are nape of neck inner thighs and axilla.

Internal examination reveals bilateral enlarged cystic ovaries, which may not be reduced due tp obesity.